Amasahani y'ingǒgo y'imyobo itatu-ni ubwoko busanzwe bw'ibikoresho vy'umuyagankuba. Zifise ubuhinga bw’inkomoko itatu kandi zikoreshwa cane mu mirongo y’amashanyarazi kugira ngo zihuzwe no gushirwaho. Insobanuro ido n’ido irakurikira:
| parametere | ibirimwo |
| ishusho | Ico gishushanyo c’inkomoko itatu gifise imyobo itatu, ikibanza kiri hagati yayo be n’uburemere bw’ivyuma bishobora guhindurwa kugira ngo bihure n’ingene umuntu akora. Ivyo binogo bikoreshwa mu kwinjiza ibifatanya, bikaba bituma bifatanya neza n’ibihimba nk’imirongo y’ibikingira umuriro be n’ibifatanya umuriro. Impinduka ntoyi mu mfuruka y’imyobo ishobora kubaho ku bikoresho bimwebimwe kugira ngo bishobore kwakira ibisobanuro bitandukanye vy’ibihuza. |
| Ibikoresho | Ivyuma canke ivyuma bishobora gukoreshwa cane, kandi ivyuma bishushe-dip galvanizing birakoreshwa kugira ngo bishobore guhangana n’ugusenyuka n’ubuzima bwo gukoresha kugira ngo bishobore guhangana n’ibidukikije bikomeye vy’igihe kirekire-ikoreshwa hanze ry’imirongo y’amashanyarazi. Mu bihe bimwebimwe bisabwa cane, ivyuma vy’inkomezi nyinshi biratorwa kugira ngo vyongere ubushobozi bwo kwikorera umuzigo. |
| ibikogwa | Kubera ubushobozi bukomeye bwo kwikorera umuzigo-, umuzigo wo gusenyura w’isahani y’ingǒgo y’imyobo itatu-uhinduka bivanye n’akarorero, kuva ku 100 gushika ku 600 kN. Ibintu bimwe bimwe bibereye mu bihe vy’umuriro mwinshi-bifise inkomezi z’iherezo zishika ku mapaundi 60.000, zishobora guhangana n’ugushikama kw’ibinyabiziga biri mu murongo w’ugutanga umuriro be n’umuzigo uzanwa n’ibidukikije vyo hanze. |
| Ibisobanuro | Kubera ko hariho ibintu bitandukanye, ibintu bitandukanye bishobora guhura n’ibisabwa bitandukanye bijanye n’umuzigo n’ubunini bwo gushiramwo, kandi birashobora guhindurwa nk’uko umuntu abishaka. |
Igipande c’ingǒgo c’imyobo itatu-gikoresha ubuhinga bwo gukora ubucuzi buhuriweko ata n’ugusudira ku ruhande, bikaba bituma ubuhinga bwose bukora neza. Ivyo binogo bitatu bihuza bitunganijwe mu buryo buringaniye, kandi hagati y’ivyo binogo birahuzwa kugira ngo bibe nk’inkomoko y’inkomoko ingana canke y’inkomoko zingana, bikaba bituma umuzigo ugabanywa mu buryo buringaniye iyo ushikiwe n’inguvu mu nzira nyinshi, gutyo bikagabanya umubabaro wo mu karere. ukwihanganira umurongo w’imyobo kugenzurwa mu ±0.02mm. Ivyo bituma amabuye, amapine be n’ibindi bihimba bihuza bihuye neza, bikagabanya ukuntu bishaza be n’ukunyiganyiga bitewe n’ibihengeri vy’iteraniro. Ivyo bipande bifise inzira zikikuje kugira ngo ntihagire umubabaro uterwa n’imfuruka zisongoye, bikagabanya ingorane mu gihe co gushiramwo no gukoresha.
Gushiramwo neza igipande c’ingǒgo c’imyobo itatu-birashobora gushika ku ciyumviro gikubye kabiri n’igice c’inguvu, kandi gushiramwo caco coroshe kandi kibereye na co nyene kiratuma abakozi b’ubwubatsi bakora neza.
Gutegura
Imbere yo gushiramwo, ukuntu igipande c’ingǒgo c’imyobo itatu-kigaragara gikwiye gusuzumwa kugira ngo hamenyekane ko ata n’akanenge nk’uguhinduka, ugusaduka canke umugese ku ruhande. Icogereranyo, umuzigo n’ingene umuntu akora vy’ukuri na vyo nyene bikwiye gusuzumwa kugira ngo ntihagire umuzigo urengeje urugero. Igihugu co gushiramwo gikwiye kandi gusuzumwa kugira ngo kibe gisanzwe, gisukuye kandi kitagira amavuta kugira ngo ntihagire umubabaro utaringaniye, Hitamwo amabouti n’ibipimo bihuye kugira ngo bibe bihuye neza kandi ntibirekure.
Gushiraho
Igihe ushizeho isahani y’ingǒgo y’imyobo itatu-, wirinde gukoresha ibintu bikomeye nk’inyondo kugira ngo uyikubite, kugira ngo wirinde kwonona imibumbe. Igihe uhuza ivyobo, urabe neza ko ivyo bifatanya bikorana neza n’inkuta z’ivyobo kandi ntuhagarike gukoranya. Igihe uhuza, urabe neza ko inguvu ziri ku ntumbero yose y’uguhuza ziri ku rugero rubereye kandi wirinde guhuza ikintu kimwe gifise umuzigo urenze urugero. Igihe cose umuntu ashizeho ibintu, akwiye gusuzumwa kandi akitwararika ido n’ido.
Ukwitaho no kubungabunga
Mu gihe c'ikoreshwa ry'igihe kirekire-, gucungera no gucungera birakenewe, harimwo no kugenzura ko ata n'umugese hanze n'aho bifatanya. Ingorane iyo ari yo yose yoba iriho, uyisanure ata guca ku ruhande. Nimba aho hantu hari umugese, nukoreshe urupapuro rwo gusukura. Nimba ivyo bifatanya bimeze neza, ushiremwo amabouti, amapine n’ibindi bihimba bifatanya. Iyo ico kintu gifise ubumuga bukomeye, gisadutse canke kigeze ku mpera y’ubuzima bwaco, gikwiye gusubirwamwo ubwo nyene.
Nk’umuhinga mu bijanye n’uguhingura amasahani y’ingǒgo y’imyobo itatu-, twiyemeje kuba abajejwe abakoresha bacu, kugira ngo umukiriya wese ashobore kugura ibintu vy’ingǒgo vy’agaciro kanini. Biciye mu buhinga bushasha, ibintu vyacu birafise ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’abandi, ahanini bigaragara mu bintu bikurikira:
Inkomezi nyinshi
Ivyo bikoresho bihurikiye hamwe bituma haba igihimba gikomeye cane, kitagira utunenge two mu mutima nk’ibihengeri n’imivyimba. Ubushobozi bwo kwikorera umuzigo w’ugukomera-bushobora kwongerwa n’ibice birenga 30%, kandi ntibuzohinduka mbere n’igihe bushikiwe n’ingaruka z’umuzigo urenze urugero incuro 1,5 z’umuzigo ugereranijwe. Ntishobora kwononekara kubera urushe mu gihe c’ikoreshwa ry’igihe kirekire-, mu gihe ishobora gutuma uburyo bwo kwubaka amashanyarazi buguma bushikamye kandi butekanye.
01
Ugutahura gukomeye
Gucungera neza aho imyobo iri, uburinganire, n’ubugororotsi ni co kintu nyamukuru gifasha ishirahamwe ryacu guhangana n’abandi. Mu gihe c’uguhingura, dusaba ukwihanganira umurongo w’imyobo Muto canke ungana na ±0.02mm n’ukwihanganira hagati y’imyobo Muto canke ungana na ±0.1mm. Ishobora guhindurwa neza iyo ifatanye n’ibifatanya bitandukanye vy’imirongo ngenderwako. Ivyo bikoresho biraheza, bifise uburebure bw’imyobo buri hagati ya 12mm-50mm n’uburebure bw’isahani buri hagati ya 8mm-30mm. Ivyo gukora ku buryo bubereye na vyo nyene biraboneka.
02
Gutera ivyuma bishushe-
Amasahani menshi y’ingǒgo y’imyobo itatu-atari make ari ku isoko na yo nyene arashobora guhangana n’ugusenyuka, ariko akoresha ubuhinga bw’amashanyarazi, kandi igice c’ivyuma kiri ku ruhande ni gito cane. Ntizishobora gukoreshwa igihe kirekire canke ahantu hakomeye. Ishirahamwe ryacu rikoresha ubuhinga bwo gutera ivyuma bishushe-, kandi igice ca zinc ni kinini canke kingana n’uburebure bwa 85μm. Ntizoshobora gusenyuka imyaka 5-10 iyo iri hanze n’aho hari ubukonje.
03
Ibisabwa kw'isi yose
Mu bihugu biri mu nzira y’amajambere nka Aziya y’amajepfo, Afirika, na Amerika Latini, hariho iterambere mu migambi y’imirongo y’amashanyarazi y’ubushobozi burengeye 110kV-500kV-. Muri izo ntara, ibikoresho vy’amashanyarazi vy’agaciro kanini-biratorwa kugira ngo bibe bishikamye. Igipande c’ingǒgo c’imyobo itatu-, nk’igihimba nyamukuru co gufatanya n’ivyo kwikorera umuzigo, ni ikintu gihambaye cane. Vyongeye, kubera ibikoresho vyayo be n’uburyo bwo kuyivura ku ruhande, irashobora guhura neza n’ibidukikije bikomeye vyo hanze.
04
Imisoro ishushe: itatu{0}}imyobo ingǒgo isahani, Ubushinwa itatu-imyobo ingǒgo isahani abahinguzi, abagurisha, uruganda
